Bursa vs Surabaya

Surabaya leads Bursa by 1 points on the AFTER Index, 51 to 50. Bursa grades better on 6 measures, Surabaya on 9; the same 35 measures from public sources for both.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• AFTER Index: Bursa 50, Surabaya 51
• OECD: Bursa 52, Surabaya 51
• UN Tourism: Bursa 55, Surabaya 61
• UNDRR: Bursa 44, Surabaya 46

Theme by theme

• Demand and seasonality: Bursa 50, Surabaya 55
• Economy and jobs: Bursa 75, Surabaya 75
• Climate and hazards: Bursa 40, Surabaya 30
• Water and environment: Bursa 50, Surabaya 50
• Community and housing: Bursa 50, Surabaya –
• Access and continuity: Bursa 54, Surabaya 58

Where Bursa is stronger

• Largest foreign market: 13.9 % of international arrivals or nights (region figure) (Bursa İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü / Bursa Turizm Tanıtma Birliği, 2023). At or below 15: grade 4/4.
• Income per head: 45,288 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (World Bank WDI, 2025). Between 45,000 and 60,000: grade 3/4.
• Extreme heat days: 13 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Between 5 and 15: grade 3/4.
• Tropical nights: 39.6 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Between 30 and 60: grade 2/4.
• Wastewater safely treated: 96.2 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (TÜİK (Turkish Statistical Institute) via İzmir Metropolitan Municipality / Ege Haber, 2020). At or above 95: grade 4/4.
• Dedicated tourism funding: A dedicated source such as a tourist tax or levy (Gelir İdaresi Başkanlığı & Türkiye Turizm Tanıtım ve Geliştirme Ajansı (TGA), 2024–2026). Grade 2/4.

Where Surabaya is stronger

• Nights in the three busiest months: 28.5 % of annual nights (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: UN Tourism by United Nations World Tourism Organization), 2024, 2025 moving average). At or below 30: grade 4/4.
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 55.4 % average annual occupancy (BPS Kota Surabaya, Perkembangan Tingkat Penghunian Kamar (TPK) Hotel Kota Surabaya, 2024). Between 55 and 65: grade 2/4.
• Unemployment rate: 4.9 % of the labour force (BPS Kota Surabaya / Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, 2024). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Country disaster risk: 4.5 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 3.5 and 5: grade 2/4.
• Water scarcity: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4.
• Municipal waste per resident: 218.3 kg per resident per year (Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) - Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Sampah Nasional (SIPSN), 2023). At or below 350: grade 4/4.
• Green space: 22 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (Pemerintah Kota Surabaya (Official City Government Portal), 2022). Between 20 and 30: grade 2/4.
• Access redundancy: 4 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (metro figure) (Government of Indonesia / Port & Airport Authorities, 2024). At or above 4: grade 4/4.
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: Crisis communication only, ad hoc (Dinas Kebudayaan, Kepemudaan dan Olahraga serta Pariwisata Kota Surabaya / Detikcom, 2024–2025). Grade 1/4.

Country context (World Economic Forum)

• Turkey: #36 of 110 in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026
• Indonesia: #23 of 110 in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026

Bursa in full · Surabaya in full

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